A confounding factor (confounder) is a variable that influences both the supposed cause and the supposed effect, creating a spurious association between them. You see that X and Y...
The core idea
A confounding factor (confounder) is a variable that influences both the supposed cause and the supposed effect, creating a spurious association between them. You see that X and Y...
Connected
Mental Model
Mental ModelBayes Theorem
your beliefs proportionally to how surprising the new evidence is — the foundati
Mental Model
Mental ModelBlack Swan Theory
, unpredictable events with extreme impact shape history.
Mental Model
Mental ModelCompounding
growth from consistent small gains over long time horizons.
Mental Model
Mental ModelCorrelation vs Causation
together does not mean one causes the other.
Mental Model
Mental ModelErgodicity
works across many simultaneously may not work for one across time.
Mental Model
Mental ModelExponential Growth
accelerates proportionally to current size, slow then explosive.